Although originally the SSN was only to
be used for Social Security programs it is now commonly used for filing
purposes including bank accounts, employee, student and medical records.
This makes your SSN a free pass gaining access to your personal
information.
Who Should Require Your SSN?
There are some government agencies (tax, welfare, Medicare and motor
vehicles) who can lawfully require your SSN. Other agencies may request
your SSN in a manner that implies you must give it.
You can determine whether the agency has a right to your SSN by reading
the disclosure statement that is mandatory on government forms requesting
the number. The disclosure statement will tell you if the SSN is required
or optional. It also states which agency is requiring the number and what
it will be used for. Government agencies have strict laws about the use
and storage of SSN's – private agencies or businesses do not.
You cannot be denied services from government
agencies if you refuse to give your SSN unless they are legally required
to obtain it or had a law in effect before January 1, 1975 requiring a SSN.
Employers must obtain your SSN to report earnings and payroll taxes. While
they are required by law to have your SSN you might ask for them to
protect your number if it is used for filing, listed on ID badges or
otherwise made public.
Other businesses or agencies, including private medical insurance and
schools, may request your SSN. If they are federally funded schools or are
reporting to the IRS they may have a legal right to the information. If
the reason for the request is not listed on the form you can leave the
space provided for your SSN blank and ask for an explanation of why they
are requesting it.
While a business may have no legal right to the information they can
refuse service if you choose not to disclose it. State laws differ but
businesses should not willfully display SSN's, however, carelessness or
inadequate protection of SSN's may not violate these laws.
Financial information that is of interest to the IRS requires your SSN to
be listed. Banking, stocks, employment and other financial statements all
must include the number.
Credit card companies may request your SSN but are not legally required to
have it. Since the number is used to validate who you are you may be able
to provide proof with other forms of identification. Be prepared to have a
difficult time finding a creditor who will provide credit if you refuse to
submit your SSN.
Since potential creditors (including landlords) may wish to see your
credit report you will likely be required to give them your SSN to obtain
the report. You may ask if they will accept a current report without the
SSN and confirm your identity with other forms of ID.
Federal records, including driver's license, divorce papers, child support
and death certificates all require SSN's. Birth certificates usually
require the SSN's of both of the parents unless there is good cause for
not requiring it.
If you receive email that appears to be from a service provider or
government agency that requests your SSN do not reply. This information
will not be requested through unsolicited emails and is being sent from a
fraudulent source.
You can find out more about the legal requirements for using your SSN at:
http://www.privacy.ca.gov/recommendations/ssnrecommendations.pdf
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What is Being
Done to Protect Your Privacy?
